It is key that
- you buy a dog from a breeder who regularly screens their dogs, so you can minimize genetic risk,
- you neuter your dog and pay attention to a proper diet,
- you minimize environmental risks: cigarette smoke, toxic chemicals, excessive sunlight.
“Cancer” is a dreaded disease in popular awareness, and people are often reluctant to even hear the word. However, since it is the leading cause of death among dogs, unfortunately many owners have to face it. Sadly, many types of cancer develop genetically, which means that as an owner, there is not much we can do to avoid it. Still, there are certain methods to help prevent the onset of this feared disease in our dogs. It is important to consult a veterinarian as soon as cancer is suspected.
Choosing a breeder and neutering
Certain popular breeds, such as Golden Retrievers and Boxers, are particularly prone to certain types of cancer. Responsible breeders of these breeds regularly screen the individuals used for breeding, and dogs diagnosed with this sad condition are removed from breeding. This results in healthier litters being born. Unfortunately, there is no mandatory cancer screening for dogs in our country, but when choosing a breeder, always check whether they perform breed-specific disease screenings.
If the puppy has already arrived in the family, the next question is whether to neuter or not. If yes, then when? Some international studies suggest that sterilization before sexual maturity may increase the risk of certain cancers. In the study, Golden Retrievers showed an increased susceptibility to cancer if sterilized before sexual maturity.
However, the cancer-increasing effect of sterilization before sexual maturity may vary by breed. Always consult a veterinarian before neutering.
Nutrition tips for cancer prevention
The first and fundamental task you can do for your dog’s healthy and cancer-free life is weight control. Check it weekly, but at least monthly. Another study pointed out a strong link between overweight and the development of certain cancers. In female dogs, overweight can cause mammary tumors. Overweight not only increases the risk of tumors but also raises the risks of joint diseases, diabetes, and heart diseases.
Similar to humans, cancer is more common in older dogs. Therefore, special diets and nutrition in older dogs reduce the risk of cancer development. Antioxidants, such as EPA and DHA (found in fish oils) and medium-chain triglycerides have been proven to improve cognitive functions by preventing damage to brain cells. Because cancer is caused by uncontrolled replication of damaged cells, dietary supplementation with antioxidants may help prevent certain DNA damage that can lead to cancer. However, antioxidant therapy is not a proven method, but it does no harm and there is nothing to lose for the dog or the owner. It is important that the beneficial effects of antioxidants are mainly seen in older dogs, so in young dogs their effectiveness is not proven.
A healthy lifestyle
There is a proven connection between certain environmental factors and the development of cancer in dogs, just as in humans.
Everyone surely knows that cigarette smoke has harmful effects on everyone in the household. Why would it be any different for dogs?
Passive smoking greatly increases the risk of nasal cancer, especially in long-nosed dogs, such as Labrador Retrievers, Collies, and Dachshunds. Meanwhile, it increases the risk of lung cancer in short-nosed dogs.
Strong sunlight (nowadays with increasingly strong UV radiation) increases the risk of skin cancer. Special attention should be given to dogs with light pigmentation and short coats. It is advisable to stay in the shade during the hottest hours, and sunscreens designed for dogs are also now available.
Insecticides increase the risk of various cancers in dogs. Additionally, paints and solvents also increase risks, so it is advisable to keep pets away from these substances.
In summary, cancer is a disease that can attack our beloved dog at any time despite our greatest efforts. However, the preventive measures above can help ensure that our pets avoid this terrible disease with the greatest possible chance and live a long, healthy, and happy life.
